An observation checklist is a list of things that an observer is going to look at when observing a class. This list may have been prepared by the observer or the teacher or both. Observation checklists not only give an observer a structure and framework for an observation but also serve as a contract of understanding with the teacher, who may as a result be more comfortable, and will get specific feedback on aspects of the class.

For example
The teacher has asked the observer to look at the issue of timing so the observer's checklist includes these questions:
- Does the teacher follow the timings on the lesson plan?
- Does the teacher tell learners how long they have for an activity?
- Does the teachers tell learners when time is nearly up?

In the classroom
It is important that learners understand the function of the observer and are pre-warned about the observation. If not, the observer may intimidate the class and the data gathered may not be accurate.