TeachingEnglish
      Behind Bars: English lessons for inmates, Part 3

      Lesson 3

      Again a good lesson – everyone left in high spirits. The students turned up in dribs and drabs: they all need to be let out from their cells in the different sections of the prison, so time-keeping is out of their hands. As I soon found out last year, when the guards are busy the students arrive late - and sometimes they can be very late. 

       

      I got things going by inviting the students to tell me what they could recall from the last lesson – virtually everything as it turned out - which set a positive note. This ‘prelude’ allows a few insights. Apart from seeing how much of last lesson’s content made an impression, I also get to see some of the group dynamics: I can see better who is more outgoing or likely to be more dominant in the group and who is a little bit more hesitant - and I get a few little hints as to the relationships between the group members. It's still very early days and we all need to get to know each other -- not the details of each other's private lives, but as individuals in the context of this classroom.

      In the meantime, enough students had turned up for the lesson 'proper' could begin. My major aim now is to try to establish that we have a cooperative working group that can happily accommodate individuals, and that working within a common format towards a common goal does not require uniformity of knowledge or performance. Anyway, these are still early days as I said, and laying the basis for the sense of complicity and mutual trust is largely down to lots of small examples and episodes, perhaps meaningless in themselves but which together create the right kind of environment and ‘ethic’.

      Starting each lesson with revision conforms to most students’ common sense and intuition – it assures things don’t get ‘lost’ and gives students the chance to see that they can rely on their memory and that with more chance to practise that they can get things right – enough new ‘difficult’ things will come up later on, so this helps balance things out.

      There is another practical advantage too: it makes it easier for late comers to join the lesson without missing out too much. In this particular lesson there were several late-comers, all of them new students and all of them arriving at five-minute intervals. In a ‘normal’ classroom on a ‘normal’ language course, this sort of thing is usually really annoying: it could have been annoying here, but we all knew that no one was late because they decided to stop for a coffee on the way or had been on the phone. In fact, each of them apologised and explained that they hadn't even known the course had started - or even that they had been allowed on it - until they were summoned from their cells. As it turns out, we have a dozen students in the class and quite an interesting group they promise to be. This is certainly the only possible place where any of us could ever have met, we are on no one's home turf here. This is neutral territory for everyone, and we all start out from scratch as people. We will be perceived as we are in this room and during these encounters.

       

      P.S.        We have gained four students but we had two missing today. The man who appeared rather intense in the first lesson was not here for the second lesson either -- I actually bumped into him as I was making my way to the classroom, he gave me a very warm smile and told me that he had a visitor and would not be able to come to the lesson. Maybe his visiting hours coincide with class -- I don't know. At the end of the lesson I asked his fellow Rumanians on the assumption they might know something. “Who cares?” they said: “he speaks too much anyway”. The other man who missed had come across in the previous two lessons as the quietest in the group and I was aware he didn't really feel at ease. Maybe he'll be back next lesson but unaccounted absences always worry you. When you're teaching a group in any context it's always a question a balancing act -- you need to create an accommodating space where everyone feels involved and everyone feels a benefit from the teaching, yet you can only stretch so far when attempting to accommodate specific needs or specific personality issues.

      Average: 5 (1 vote)

      Comments

      Stephen Greene's picture
      Stephen Greene
      Submitted on 18 January, 2012 - 01:32

      I am fascinated by this blog.  Keep up the good work.

      I would be interested to know how much of the class is conducted in English and how much in L1.  I have no hidden agenda; it would just make it a bit easier for me to imagine your context.

      All the best,

      Stephen

      www.tmenglish.org

      iain's picture
      iain
      Submitted on 18 January, 2012 - 22:48

      Thanks for your interest, Stephen. The age-old debate - personally I tend to steer clear of 'nevers' and 'always' when it comes to what is best in teaching situations - these can vary in many ways and dogma can be a real obstacle. Nonetheless, you need to be guided by ideas about what is most beneficial and effective - that's the point of having teachers.

      My own guide (we're talking mono-lingual teaching situations here) is that relying on L1 in the classroom is doing learners a disservice, although it's what a fair number of them ask you to do. It can be a lazy short-cut - I think it probably often is - but there are several good reasons not to translate for convenience. One very practical reason (in the case of English mother-tongue teachers) is that it gives an unfair 'advantage' to teachers who know their students' language well, over their colleagues who don't - and some students might think teachers 'better' or 'worse' as a result. I've observed teachers mis-translate words in class - another good reason for the practice to be discouraged. It's also true that while some students want translation, many others dislike it - they find it de-motivating and a waste of valuable time.

      From a learning point of view, regular use of translation doesn't do learners a favour - it teaches them a 'shallow' relationship with the new language, and although lessons will seem 'easier' it will make out-of-classroom interaction in the the new language more 'laborious' and stressful. There's also the fact that some things simply don't translate - this applies both for lexis and grammar.

      However ........  Translating new words can be a lazy shortcut, but refusing to do so can become a very long and circuitous diversion - like eating a kilo of celery to gain just a handful oif calories (I like celery but it's not a good source of energy). Lesson time is limited - a talented and perceptive teacher can often get meaning across economically and effectively - but in many 'no-translation at any cost' classrooms there's a lot of time and frustration before mission is accomplished (often by classmates whispering the translation anyway).

      Do I translate? Yes - sometimes. At beginner level with new classes I will use some Italian (when I'm teaching Italian students - or Italian-speaking students, as is the case here) but not to teach the language content but to give little interludes of advice and information about what we are learning. I like to give a brief outline of the course and about what lessons will involve, and maybe to remind students about how things are going from time to time. I often point things out about English - unlike some languages it has no genders: "wow, that's easy!" - and what sort of things are difficult and take everyone time to begin to grasp. So, I translate for 'welfare' reasons rather than as a teaching tool. Sometimes students check with you that they have understood something - I acknowledge these 'translation for confirmation' requests, rather than pretend not to understand. 

      One other thing  (this is much longer than I'd expected). Translation is a useful skill and I try to do short spontaneous translation activities - with elementary and first-intermediate levels. When we read short dialogues (phone-calls are good), I might also ask for an off-the cuff translation - not word-by-word but just what was said. This is a real-life need - it's not unusual to have to report and translate a phone-call or e-mail, or translate for a friend in a social setting. This is a useful and enjoyable translation activity to sprinkle in to lessons. It has to be quick, so accessible content is required.